Особливості координатного забезпечення розпланувальних робіт на будівництві GNSS методом

Some practical recommendations for building the geodesic marking construction base, that will provide the accuracy and save time of geodesic works on the construction site, are provided in the article. These recommendations will allow refusing from building the classic construction netting and conducting planning works with GNSS receiver by using RTN methods and modern electronic total stations (TS). To build the graticule on the construction site, we should mark two basis AB and CD in-situ with GNSS receiver, so they are parallel to the x and y axes of the general plan on which the site is projected. Then, we will mark the axes, using the method from the basic line as described in the work (ТS). To solve the problem, one has to know only the coordinates x and y of one basis point and set the position angle of the line to 0° or 90°. Theoretically all planning works may be done from one base line, but we recommend to set at least two lones in order to provide the visibility on entire site including the possibility of losing important points during the construction works. During planning and marking works, GNSS measurements on the nearest observation points are made on the short distance from each other (not more than 1000 m), so the points will be located in ionospheric conditions and there will be a chance to see the same satellites. It allows confirming that influence of errors, entailed by ionospheric delays and satellite clock wrong time will be significantly decreased because of the compensation of their systematic component that will improve the accuracy of set base lines. The information mentioned above was proved by our research. According to research results, when following the recommendations (adequate amount of measurement averaging, distance to the closest permanent stations and geometry of their allocation), it is possible to get the accurate mutual location 3. 18 mm (including the error of line orientation), and the accuracy of setting vectors – 2.52 mm on the distances less than 200 m. It is important to remember that points A, B, C, and D are set without such errors as device and viewfinder centering, as well as error of benchmark data.