硇洲岛海域环境因子的季节变化及对硇洲马尾藻等大型海藻的影响 Seasonal Changes of the Environment Factors and Its Affection to the Large Alga from Intertidal Zone in Naozhou Island

本研究于2011年6月至2012年3月、2016年对湛江硇洲岛海域进行采样调查，以分析海水中各环境因子的季节变化情况及对硇洲马尾藻等大型海藻的影响。结果表明，温度变化趋势为夏季 > 春季 > 秋季 > 冬季，冬季的温度最低；盐度的整体变化趋势是夏季 > 春季 > 冬季 > 秋季，盐度最低的是秋季；pH变化趋势是秋季 > 春季 > 冬季 > 夏季；悬浮物变化趋势为春季 > 夏季 > 秋季 > 冬季；叶绿素a最高值出现在秋季和夏季，冬季质量浓度最低；TOC含量的整体变化为夏季 > 春季 > 秋季 > 冬季；氨氮、硝氮、磷酸盐具有较明显的季节变化规律，亚硝氮与硅酸盐则没有表现出明显的规律。调查结果显示，硇洲马尾藻等大型海藻的生长繁殖与水温、营养盐、透明度、悬浮物等环境因子的季节变化有关，也与水产养殖、渔民采收、渔船数量等人为因素都有关。 The seasonal changes of the environment factors and its affection to the large alga from intertidal zone in Naozhou Island were studied in this study. The results showed that trend of the temperature was summer > spring > autumn > winter, for salinity it was summer > spring > winter > autumn, for pH it was autumn > spring > winter > summer, for SS it was spring > summer > autumn > winter, and for chlorophyll a there were the highest concentrations in autumn and summer, lowest in winter. The trend of TOC was summer > spring > autumn > winter too, like the temperature; unlike nitrite and silicate, there were obvious seasonal changing trends for nitrate, ammonia nitrogen and phosphate. In brief, the growth and reproduce of the large alga were not only determined by the environment factors but also the human beings.