Different preparation of Sodium-DNA for bone tissue regeneration

Current strategies for bone tissue regeneration involve the use of a wide range of biomaterials and synthetic bone substitutes; among them, Sodium-DNA could represent a new chance considering its osteoinductive properties (Nakamura et al., 2000; Bowler et a., 2001; Guizzardi et al., 2003; Guizzardi et al., 2007). The aim of this study was to evaluate the regenerative properties of two different preparation of Sodium- DNA (paste or liquid form) in a rat calvarial defect model. The cranium of each rat was shaved and a skin incision from the naso-frontal area to the external occipital protuberance was performed. The skin and the subcutaneous tissues were reflected to expose the full extent of the calvaria. Full-thickness 5X8 mm bone skull defects were made on each parietal region using piezoelectric surgery. Bone defects were filled with Sodium-DNA (paste or liquid form, Veritas, Brescia, Italy) alone or mixed with Bio-Oss (Geistlich, Wolhusen, Switzerland). Histomorphometric evaluation of bone regeneration was performed at the end of the treatments. The data obtained showed a time-dependent active bone healing process; however, differences in the use of past or liquid form were evident. These results suggest that Sodium-DNA could be considered an active biomaterial in bone regeneration, but an adequate formulation to obtain a better regenerative efficacy is needed.