ПОПУЛЯЦИОННЫЙ ПОДХОД К ИЗУЧЕНИЮ НЕКОТОРЫХ ПРОМЫСЛОВЫХ ВИДОВ ЧЕРНОМОРСКИХ РЫБ КАК ОСНОВА СОХРАНЕНИЯ И РАЦИОНАЛЬНОГО ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ ИХ РЕСУРСОВ

For preliminary identification of populations an ecological - geographical approach is proposed, which is based on different data on spatial, structure-functional, and ecological organization of species. Using this approach some data about the intraspecific structure of two main commercial Black Sea fishes, the sprat (Sprattus sprattus phalericus) and anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus) were obtained for the first time. Variability of fishes according to a majority of studied features and different spatial and temporal scales of its occurrence suppose a complicated character of their intraspecific structure. System of water mass circulation is one of the main factors in the formation of this structure, together with other natural factors.