Chapter 16 – Nomenclature

This chapter addresses the importance of nomenclature in toxicologic pathology. Unambiguous interpretation of the pathological effects clearly impacts risk assessment in routine toxicity studies. Specifically, the components of nomenclature have been identified, including topography, morphology, and modifiers (also known as qualifiers). The need for standardization of nomenclature, factors affecting such standardization of nomenclature, and the challenges encountered during this process has been addressed. Finally, the joint efforts (International Harmonization of Toxicologic Pathology Nomenclature [INHAND], global open Registry Nomenclature Information System [goRENI]) by the various Societies of Toxicologic Pathology to develop and standardize an internationally recognized nomenclature for proliferative and non-proliferative lesions in rodents are described.