Purpose-built transcatheter cavopulmonary anastomosis device requirements: multi-modality imaging evaluation

Abstract Background/Purpose Patients with a functional single ventricle undergo multiple, palliative open-heart surgeries. This includes a superior cavopulmonary anastomosis or bidirectional Glenn shunt. A less-invasive transcatheter approach may reduce morbidity. Methods/Materials We analyzed pre-Glenn X-ray contrast angiography (XA), cardiac computed tomography (CT), and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) studies. Results Over an eleven-year period (1/2007 – 6/2017), 139 Glenn surgeries were performed at our institution. The typical age range at surgery was 59 - 371 days (median = 163; IQR = 138 – 203). Eight-nine XA, ten CT, and ten CMR studies obtained from these patients were analyzed. Cephalad SVC measurements (millimeters) were 7.3 ± 1.7 (XA), 7.7 ± 1.6 (CT) and 6.9 ± 1.8 (CMR). RPA measurements were 7.3 ± 1.9 (XA), 7.4 ± 1.6 (CT) and 6.6 ± 1.9 (CMR). Potential device lengths were 10.9 ± 6 - 17.4 ± 6.4 (XA), 10.1 ± 2.1- 17.7 ± 2.4 (CT) and 17.3 ± 4. - 23.7 ± 5.5 (CMR). SVC-RPA angle (degrees) was 132.9 ± 13.2 (CT) and 140 ± 10.2 (MRI). Image quality of all CT (100%), almost all XA (SVC 100%, RPA 99%), and most MRI (SVC 80%, RPA 90%) were deemed sufficient. Parametric modeling virtual fit device with 10 mm diameter and 20-25 mm length was ideal. Conclusions Ideal transcatheter cavopulmonary shunt device for the typical patient would be 10 mm in diameter and 20-25 mm in length.