Target Animal Safety and Residual Studyfor Berberine and other PhytogenicCompounds in Broiler Chickens
2017
Background: Phytogenic compounds are one of many alternatives to current
industry feed ingredients for the poultry industry. However, despite increased
reports on the activity of phytogenic compounds against disease in poultry,
there is a lack of data regarding safety and residual toxicity. This two-part study
investigated the general health of broiler chickens fed Berberine, Ursolic Acid,
Piceid, Honokiol and Baicalin in-feed at three different levels, and assessed the
poultry tissue residue of Berberine in breast muscle, upper and lower thigh, and
liver through LC/MS-MS.
Methods and Findings: Phase 1 trial results demonstrated that all birds appeared
normal, with all gastrointestinal histologic lesions and liver histologic lesions
identified within normal limits for broiler chickens in a production environment.
Phase 2 trial showed that the lowest amount of Berberine, 0.03 g/kg in-feed,
resulted in tissue residues below the lower limit of detection (<2 ng/g), and the
highest amount of Berberine, 0.3 g/kg in-feed, yielded detectable values, although
the significance of these results is still not clear.
Conclusions: In conclusion, the present study suggests that the five tested
phytogenic compounds are safe for use in starter, grower and finisher feeds for
broiler chickens. Further exposure and risk assessment calculations regarding
appropriate residue levels are necessary to evaluate the use of Berberine as a
feed ingredient for poultry.
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