Surveillance régionale de l'évolution de Staphylococcus aureus résistant à la méticilline (SARM) : quels résultats pour quels enseignements ?

Objective. – The aim of this study was to describe the evolution of MRSA within hospitals located in Franche-Comte from 1999 to 2003 and to establish the MRSA risk according to the type of hospitalization. Methods. – Surveillance of multidrug resistant bacteria was carried out according to the French national guidelines for the prevention of nosocomial infections. Results. – The global incidence of MRSA colonized/infected patients (screened by clinical samples) per 1000 patient-days had decreased from 0.73 in 1999 to 0.58 in 2003 (P < 0.004). However, analyzing the results according to each type of hospitalization revealed great heterogeneity. In 2003, the increase of MRSA incidence in short-term public hospitalization was indeed alarming whereas MRSA risk had regularly decreased in the other hospitalization types (rehabilitation and long-term care-facilities) since 1999. The number of potentially serious colonizations/infections caused by MRSA (bacteremia, deep infections, and pulmonary infections) accounted for 12.8% of all colonizations/infections. Conclusion. – MRSA, in spite of improved prevention in our region, remains responsible for numerous infections.