Longitudinal and azimuthal evolution of two-particle transverse momentum correlations in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm{NN}}}$ = 2.76 TeV

This paper presents the first measurements of the charge independent (CI) and charge dependent (CD) two-particle transverse momentum correlators $G_{2}^{\rm CI}$ and $G_{2}^{\rm CD}$ in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm{NN}}}$ = 2.76 TeV by the ALICE collaboration. The correlators are measured as a function of pair separation in pseudorapidity ($\Delta \eta$) and azimuth ($\Delta \varphi$) and as a function of collision centrality. The correlator $G_{2}^{\rm CI}$ exhibits a longitudinal broadening while undergoing a monotonic azimuthal narrowing from peripheral to central collisions. By contrast, $G_{2}^{\rm CD}$ exhibits a narrowing along both dimensions towards central events. These features are not reproduced by models such as HIJING and AMPT. However, the observed narrowing of the correlators is expected to result from the stronger transverse flow profiles produced in more central collisions and the longitudinal broadening is predicted to be sensitive to momentum currents and the shear viscosity per unit of entropy density $\eta/s$ of the matter produced in the collisions. The observed broadening is found to be consistent with the hypothesized lower bound of $\eta/s$ and is in qualitative agreement with values obtained from anisotropic flow measurements.