Development of CRISPR_Cas9 genome editing system and its application in rice molecular breeding

Gene editing is a new genetic engineering technology that uses sequence-specific nucleases to insert, delete, or replace nucleic acid base(s) of the target gene, or introduce exogenous DNA sequences at a specific site in the genome of an organism to achieve the desired modification. Currently, the CRISPR/Cas system is the most widely used genome editing technology because it is relatively simple with high editing efficiency. In this review, we discuss the CRISPR/Cas system’s application and its current limitations in rice breeding. Also, we elaborate on possible improved methods regarding its mechanism and development history.