Proceedings of the 3rd Malaysian Postgraduate Conference (MPC 2013)

The year 2013 represents a significant milestone in the history of Malaysian Postgraduate Student Association of New South Wales (MyPSA-NSW) and Education Ministry of Australia, Sydney (EMAS) with the organisation of the 3rd Malaysian Postgraduate Conference 2013 at the Consulate General of Malaysia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia on 4-5th of July 2013, concurrent with Malaysian Summit of Australia (MASA) 2013 (previously known as The National Conference and Games (NCG)). The conference is a forum of intellectual gathering for the Malaysian postgraduate students in Australia. And also this event will gather and to promote the sharing of ideas and knowledge among the students. The conference has helped in bridging researchers working at different institutions in Australia to share their knowledge and helped in motivating young researchers working for their doctoral program. This has also given some clear directions for further research from the deliberations of the conference. Other than that, it also develops self-confidence in the presentation skills and equips the researchers with unexpected future challenges and shortcoming in the academia world. A number of delegates from different premier academic and research institutions all over Australia have participated and shared their research experiences at the conference. In all 55 contributed and presentations are presented at this yearly event. The range of topics covered from all aspect of study from engineering, medical, humanitarian, art, social sciences, technology, finance and management. Several people have contributed in different ways for the success of this event. We thank all the authors of the contributed papers, for the cooperation rendered to us in the publication of the conference proceedings. In particular, we would like to place on record, the expert reviewers who have spared their time for reviewing the papers. We also highly appreciate the assistance offered by many volunteers in organizing this event and the preparation of the proceedings.