Essential Oils of Polyalthia suberosa Leaf and Twig and Their cytotoxic and Anti-microbial Activities.

Essential oils from the leaf and twig of Polyalthia suberosa (Roxb.) Thwaites were analyzed using GC-MS/FID. A total of sixty-three constituents were namely identified accounting for 96.03 and 94.12% in the hydro-distilled oils of the leaf and twig, respectively. Monoterpenes, monoterpenoids, sesquiterpenes, and sesquiterpenoids were characteristic derivatives of P. suberosa essential oils. Sesquiterpenes bicyclogermacrene (26.26%) and ( E )-caryophyllene (7.79%), and monoterpene β-pinene (12.71%) were the major constituents of the leaf oil. Sesquiterpenes ( E )-caryophyllene (17.17%) and α-humulene (9.55%), sesquiterpenoid caryophyllene oxide (9.41%), and monoterpenes camphene (8.16%) and tricyclene (6.35%) were to be main components in the twig oil. The leaf oil indicated cytotoxic activity against three cancer cell lines HepG2, MCF7 and A549 with the IC 50 values of 60.96-69.93 m g/mL, while the twig oil inhibited MCF7 with the IC 50 value of 66.70 mg/mL. Additionally, the twig oil successfully controlled the negative Gram bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa , fungus Aspergillus niger , and yeast Candida albicans with the same MIC value of 50 mg/mL, whereas the leaf oil have the same result with the negative Gram bacterium Escherichia coli .