Integrated Telehealth Care for Chronic Illness and Depression in Geriatric Home Care Patients: The Integrated Telehealth Education and Activation of Mood (I-TEAM) Study

Objectives: To evaluate an integrated telehealth intervention (Integrated Telehealth Education and Activation of Mood (I-TEAM)) to improve chronic illness (congestive heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) and comorbid depression in the home healthcare setting. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Setting: Hospital-affiliated home healthcare setting. Participants: Medically frail older homebound individuals (N = 102). Intervention: The 3-month intervention consisted of integrated telehealth chronic illness and depression care, with a telehealth nurse conducting daily telemonitoring of symptoms, body weight, and medication use; providing eight weekly sessions of problem-solving treatment for depression; and providing for communication with participants' primary care physicians, who also prescribed antidepressants. Control participants were allocated to usual care with in-home nursing plus psychoeducation (UC+P). Measurements: The two groups were compared at baseline and 3 and 6 months after baseline on clinical measures (depression, health, problem-solving) and 12 months after baseline on health utilization (readmission, episodes of care, and emergency department (ED) visits). Results: Depression scores were 50% lower in the I-TEAM group than in the UC+P group at 3 and 6 months. Those who received the I-TEAM intervention significantly improved their problem-solving skills and self-efficacy in managing their medical condition. The I-TEAM group had significantly fewer ED visits (P = .01) but did not have significantly fewer days in the hospital at 12 months after baseline. Conclusion: Integrated telehealth care for older adults with chronic illness and comorbid depression can reduce symptoms and postdischarge ED use in home health settings.