Combined treatment with anlotinib and chemotherapy for advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma improved patient survival: a case report.

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the predominant type of esophageal cancer in Eastern Asia. Historically, advanced ESCC treatments have had low efficacy and new treatments, including immunotherapy or combination therapies, are emerging. Here, we report a special case of recurrent ESCC after surgery. The patient had a failed immunotherapy course, but benefited from anlotinib combined with chemotherapy for a fourth-line therapy. Survival after the combined therapy was greater than 19 months, and the overall patient survival was greater than 32 months.