Pain control in newborn: pharmacological interventions

Material and methods To assess efficacy and safety of PIs for procedural pain in neonate, a literature search covering the period 20002015 via Medline and Cochrane Library database, was undertaken. PIs were evaluated in relation to intubation (INT), mechanical ventilation (MV)and postoperative analgesia (POp) in preterm and fullterm infants. Efficacy of PIs in controlling procedural pain and distress was assessed on validated pain scores as PIPP, DAN, CRIES, EDIN etc. Safety of PIs was evaluated in relation to reduced morbidity and on the Adverse Effects (AEs) reported. The authorsratedthe level of evidence (LOE) and strength of recommendations, according with GRADE system.