Fe-based fluidized bed catalyst for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis and preparation method thereof

The present invention relates to a Fe-based fluidized bed catalyst for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis and preparation method thereof. The invention is aimed to solve the problems in the prior art that because Fischer-Tropsch synthesis is a strongly exothermic reaction, when a fixed bed is used, heat dissipation in the reactor is difficult and temperature jump is easy to occur in the reaction so as to allow an easy inactivation of the catalyst; when a fluidized bed is used, reaction temperature is high and the selectivity of ingredients of gasoline and diesel oil is relatively low. The catalyst of the invention is composed of at least one oxide selected from oxides of Si or Al as a carrier, and an active component comprising the composition of the chemical formula in terms of atomic ratio: Fe100AaBbCcDdOx, wherein A is selected from at least one of alkali metals or alkaline earth metals; B is selected from at least one of La or Ce; C is selected from at least one of Cu or Mn; D is selected from at least one of Co or Ni. The catalyst is applicable to the industrial production of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis.