[Tridimensional echography: a new urologic challenge].

OBJECTIVE: To describe the urological applications of three-dimensional ultrasonography, a new method that basically transforms the two-dimensional into three-dimensional images through complex data processing for enhanced imaging. METHODS: Since the technology for three-dimensional studies was incorporated into our US equipment a few months ago, we have performed three-dimensional US after the conventional two-dimensional study in 30 renal units, 15 bladders and 15 prostates, using the same well-established procedures for ultrasound assessment. The images obtained by both methods were compared to determine the diagnostic enhancements, if any, afforded by this new technology. RESULTS: Three-dimensional US offers more possibilities for renal cortical volume measurement and determination of the extent of the tumor. It also appears to be promising in regard to its capacity to determine the degree of tumor infiltration in the bladder and permits even more precise measurements of residual volume or bladder content. Transrectal ultrasound of the prostate may benefit more since three-dimensional US permits analysis of focal changes from different perspectives and planes without difficulty. CONCLUSIONS: Three-dimensional US was developed recently. It has been utilized in gynecology and cardiology, but there is limited experience in urology. We have started a clinical study to determine its possibilities and main applications in our field. Its impact on other diagnostic parameters or biopsy selection criteria are other interesting areas of research.