Воздействие наноразмерных анионов кремний-молибденовой кислоты на плазматическую мембрану фибробластов эмбриона человека

The method of time-of-flight mass spectrometry of secondary ions (ToF-SIMS) was used to study changes in the composition of plasma membranes (PM) of human embryo fibroblasts under the influence of nanosized anions of silicon-molybdenum acid (SMA). The dependences of the mass spectra of the main PM lipids on the SMA concentration, which correlate with their layer-by-layer distributions and with the affinity of cholesterol for phospholipids, were measured and interpreted. A new effect for cell biochemistry was discovered - a significant decrease in the relative content of cholesterol and sphingomyelin in PM under the influence of multiply charged heteropoly acid (HPA) anions. For aqueous SMA solutions at a concentration of C ~ 10 μM and an exposure period of 48 h, it was found that the amount of cholesterol in PM decreases by 2–2.5 times, while the amount of sphingomyelin decreases by 20–25%. A new mechanism is proposed for the initial effect of HPA on PM, which reduces to selective etching by multiply charged anions. According to the proposed mechanism, at the first stage of interaction of the POM anion with the cell, extraction from PM of cholesterol and sphingomyelin, the main regulators of PM permeability and microviscosity, is carried out. As a consequence of the increased permeability of PM in cells, acceleration of vital transmembrane and lateral processes is possible.