Value–value load diagram: a graphical tool for lean–green performance assessment

AbstractIntegrated assessment of operational and environmental performance of the production system requires mapping of all the processes and activities in the form of their resource utilisation efficiency. Prior research indicates that most lean assessment tools and techniques have studied operational dimensions ignoring environmental aspect as a part of the assessment tool. Moreover, movement towards the greener production system has become a key strategic consideration for organisations to maintain a competitive edge and to remain as market winners. Continuous assessment in both, lean and green, dimensions is crucial in improving the overall performance through efficient utilisation of the available resources. In lean environment, value stream mapping (VSM) allows assessment of operational performance through identification of non-value adding activities in time units but fails to integrate inefficiencies related to material and energy utilisation. The tool-like material flow cost accounting (MFCA) is ...