Genetic variability and association studies for seed yield and longevity with component traits in soybean [Glycine max (l.) Merill.]

The nature and extent of genetic variability and correlation coefficient for productivity traits like seed yield and longevity of 225 soybean genotypes were evaluated. Significant variability (5%) was recorded among genotypes for agronomic and seed quality parameters. Number of pods per plant (23.76%), test weight (21.61%), seed yield per plant (28.07%), final germination (36.7%), seed coat permeability (30.09%), electrical conductivity (40.09%) and germination reduction (40.03%) showed high phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation, heritability and genetic advance. The association studies revealed that, number of branches and pods per plant and test weight (g) showed positive and significant correlation with seed yield (g). Phenotypic and genotypic correlation for seed longevity was negatively correlated and significant with test weight (g), seed coat permeability (%) and electrical conductivity (dSm-1). Superior genotypes like PK 7379, PI 284815, PI 204336, CO-1 and JS 79-307 were identified with high seed yield (3041.67-3708.33 kg/ ha) and good longevity.