МЕДИКО-СОЦИАЛЬНЫЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ ДЕТЕЙ, ГОСПИТАЛИЗИРОВАННЫХ В ЦЕНТР МЕДИЦИНСКОЙ И СОЦИАЛЬНОЙ РЕАБИЛИТАЦИИ

The problem of optimizing the provision of medical and social assistance to children deprived of parental care is very important. In different regions of the country there are various structures involved in the provision of this assistance. In St. Petersburg, one of them is the “Center for Medical and Social Rehabilitation of Children Left Without Parental Care, after V. V. Tsymbalin ». The center is designed to help children aged 0 to 14 years, left without parental care and those found in a difficult life situation. Patients of the Center are children from disadvantaged families whose parents are alcohol and drug abuses, known to lead antisocial mode of life away from the duty of proper children upbringing, as well as children deprived of parental care due to hospitalization, death or imprisonment of parents. The article presents the results of the analysis of the «medical and social history» of hospitalized children (based on the copying of data from medical records) and the psychological status of children (based on special tests). It is established that in the structure of pathology revealed in the Center, diseases of the musculoskeletal system predominate (42%). The rate of intellectual development of children has shown that children average intelligence (63.3%) predominate. At the same time, in 35% of children the intellect was recognized as above average and only 1.7% -below the average. The proportion of children with an average degree of anxiety was 60%. In 26.7% a mild degree of anxiety or complete absence of it was revealed; in 13.3% — a strong degree of anxiety. Most (61.0%) of children are sent to special institutions when they are discharged, and 39.0% return home. After the discharge from the hospital, the rehabilitation of children should be continued in children’s polyclinic. A special role in this continuing process should be played by nurses of pediatric sites, who must be aware ofthe medical and psychological characteristics of such children.