Clinical features and treatment outcomes of peripheral T-cell lymphoma in children. A current data report from Polish Pediatric Leukemia/Lymphoma Study Group (PPLLSG)

Abstract Purpose Peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCL) are lymphoproliferative disorders derived from post-thymic cells, that occur extremely rarely in children. The optimal treatment of pediatric PTCL remains still unclear. Patients and methods Ten children with PTCL from 3 up to 18 years of age registered by the Polish Pediatric Leukemia/Lymphoma Study Group (PPLLSG) were retrospectively analyzed. All patients were treated with different regimens including protocols: for lymphoblastic lymphoma in 7 cases, for anaplastic large cell lymphoma in 1, CHOP in 1. Five of the 10 patients with PTCL were classified as stage II; 4 as stage III and 1 as stage IV due to extralymphatic organs (bone marrow) involvement. Four histological subtypes of PTCL were recognized: extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type (ENTNT), peripheral T-cell lymphoma not otherwise specified (PTCL-NOS), subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma (SPL), Sezary syndrome (SS). After first-line therapy 9 patients initially achieved complete remission, 4 relapsed, 5 died. One patient achieved remission spontaneously. Three children (1 with stage IV and 2 in relapse) underwent high-dose chemotherapy with allogeneic bone marrow stem cell transplantation and all of them are alive and in CR. Results The cumulative probability of 5-year overall survival (OS) for our whole group was 63.9% (95%CI: 35.2–88.2%) with a median follow-up time of 48.4 months (range 24–90+ months). The 5-year event free survival (EFS) was 81%. PTCLs are a heterogeneous and rare group of childhood NHLs. Conclusions According to our experience the standard chemotherapy for precursor lymphomas seems to be a beneficial treatment option for children with PTCL. Allogeneic stem cell transplantation may improve the outcome in selected patients.