Psychotic like experiences and 22q11 microdeletion syndrome : two possible models for the investigation of gene-enviroment interaction in psychotic onset

Psychotic disorders can be defined as disorders of adaptation to social context. Although heritability is often emphasized, onset must be considered as the end-point of a pathway which involves: 1) genetic heritability; 2) environmental factors; 3) psychopathological factors. Therefore, the current challenge consists in combining different scientific fields aiming at a deeper comprehension of psychotic disorders. Taking off these considerations, this thesis will present research conducted in Rome (Children Hospital Bambino Gesu) and in Birmingham (Department of Psychology, University of Birmingham) by the Author during his PhD. These research are focused on two possible models which can help to better understand the role played by gene/enviroment interaction in the pathogenesis of psychotic disorders. The first model concerns the so-called psychotic-like experiences and is therefore situated in the sphere of the psychopathological factors involved in the pathway to psychosis. The second model concerns 22q11 microdeletion syndrome, a genetic syndrome with high prevalence of psychotic disorders. The thesis starts with a comprehensive review of these topics. Subsequently, the main findings of the research conducted during the PhD will be described and analyzed. Implications are explored, in terms of clinical practice, aetiological pathways, potential treatments and intervention strategies.