Linking goniometer measurements to hyperspectral and multisensor imagery for retrieval of beach properties and coastal characterization
2012
In June 2011, a multi-sensor airborne remote sensing campaign was flown at the Virginia Coast Reserve Long Term
Ecological Research site with coordinated ground and water calibration and validation (cal/val) measurements.
Remote sensing imagery acquired during the ten day exercise included hyperspectral imagery (CASI-1500),
topographic LiDAR, and thermal infra-red imagery, all simultaneously from the same aircraft. Airborne synthetic
aperture radar (SAR) data acquisition for a smaller subset of sites occurred in September 2011 (VCR'11). Focus
areas for VCR'11 were properties of beaches and tidal flats and barrier island vegetation and, in the water column,
shallow water bathymetry. On land, cal/val emphasized tidal flat and beach grain size distributions, density,
moisture content, and other geotechnical properties such as shear and bearing strength (dynamic deflection
modulus), which were related to hyperspectral BRDF measurements taken with the new NRL Goniometer for
Outdoor Portable Hyperspectral Earth Reflectance (GOPHER). This builds on our earlier work at this site in 2007
related to beach properties and shallow water bathymetry. A priority for VCR'11 was to collect and model
relationships between hyperspectral imagery, acquired from the aircraft at a variety of different phase angles, and
geotechnical properties of beaches and tidal flats. One aspect of this effort was a demonstration that sand density
differences are observable and consistent in reflectance spectra from GOPHER data, in CASI hyperspectral imagery,
as well as in hyperspectral goniometer measurements conducted in our laboratory after VCR'11.
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