Original article Efficacy and tolerability of oral lactoferrin supplementation in mild to moderate acne vulgaris: an exploratory study

Objective: Lactoferrin, an innate defense iron-binding protein, possesses antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities. Beneficial systemic effects on inflammatory diseases have been proposed. The aim of the present study was to explore the efficacy and tolerability of oral bovine lactoferrin supplementation in subjects with mild to moderate facial acne vulgaris. Methods: In this open-label, single-arm study, 43 adolescents and young adults were enrolled to take a chewable tablet formulation of bovine lactoferrin twice daily for 8 weeks. The primary efficacy endpoint was the improvement in acne lesion counts compared with baseline. Tolerability was evaluated on the basis of adverse event frequencies. Results: Thirty-nine subjects, aged 17.5 � 3.8 years, completed the study per protocol. At the end of the study (week 8), a mean reduction in inflammatory lesion count of 20.2% (� 2.2 � 7.0, p ¼ 0.054), in noninflammatory lesion count of 23.5% (� 6.2 � 9.8, p50.001), and in total lesion count of 22.5% (� 8.4 � 13.1, p50.001) was observed as compared with baseline. At study conclusion, 76.9% (30 of 39) of subjects showed a reduction in total lesion count. The results for inflammatory acne lesions were variable over the study course. None of the subjects experienced a lactoferrin-related adverse event during the trial. Conclusion: Despite the limitations of an uncontrolled, open-label study, the results from this study indicate that lactoferrin in mild to moderate acne vulgaris is well tolerated and may lead to an overall improvement in acne lesion counts in the majority of affected adolescents and young adults when administered as a dietary supplement on a twice daily regimen. Further randomized, placebo-controlled trials of longer duration appear warranted.