Psychiatric outcomes in operatively compared with non-operatively managed patients with facial trauma: Is there a difference?

AbstractPatients who sustain facial injury and who require an operation may be at greater risk for developing psychological distress and maladaptive coping. The purpose of this study was to examine psychological responses in adult victims of facial trauma after operation. A consecutive group of adult patients attending specialist outpatient clinics after facial trauma were evaluated for psychological distress. The subjects were divided into two groups based on whether their facial injuries were managed operatively or conservatively. The primary predictor variable in this study was surgical intervention. The main outcome variable was Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) scores. Chi-squared, Mann Whitney U-test, and multiple regression analysis were used to analyse data. The sample consisted of 102 subjects; 71 patients had been managed operatively and 31 patients treated non-operatively. Psychometric scores suggestive of anxiety were present in 21% (n = 15) of the operatively managed group compared...