THE INCIDENCE OF ASSOCIATED UROLOGICAL ABNORMALITIES IN CHILDREN WITH RENAL ECTOPIA

ABSTRACTPurpose: We evaluate the incidence of associated urological abnormalities in children with renal ectopia (RE).Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed database records of 99 consecutive pediatric cases of RE diagnosed at our hospital between 1988 and 2001.Results: Mean patient age at diagnosis was 13 months (range 0 to 9 years, SD 2.2 years). Twenty children were evaluated for symptoms, while the remainder were asymptomatic and evaluated after prenatal or postnatal ultrasound finding of RE. There were 10 cases of crossed renal ectopia and 89 cases of simple renal ectopia (S-RE), of which 82 were unilateral and 7 bilateral. The most frequent associated urological abnormality was vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), which was present in 20% of patients with crossed renal ectopia and 30% with S-RE. In patients with bilateral S-RE the incidence of VUR increased to 71%. In patients with unilateral S-RE VUR involved the orthotopic kidney in more than 85% of the cases. Moreover, 99mtechnetium dimercapt...