Electrical studies on a single, binary, and ternary nanocomposites of Mn 3 O 4 @TiO 2 @rGO

The present work is concerned with studying the electrical and dielectric properties of a single, binary, and ternary nanocomposite of Mn3O4 (M), TiO2 (T), and reduced graphene oxide (RGO). The electrical properties of the investigated systems were studied via dc-, ac- conductivity, dielectric, and impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements. The electrical conductivity is found to increase in the following order: rGO > T@rGO > Ti > M@rGO > M@T > M@T@rGO > M. The dielectric constant (e′) and dielectric losses (e″) values of all materials showed a monotonous decrease with an exponential behavior by increasing the applied ac. Frequency. At constant frequency and temperature, the e′ value followed the order: TiO2 > rGO > T@rGO > M@rGO > M@T > M@T@rGO > M, whereas, the e″ value followed the order: T@rGO > T > rGO > M@rGO > M@T > M@T@rGO > M. The results obtained were explained and discussed.