Primary Endoscopic Treatments for Morbid Obesity

Obesity is a rapidly growing national and global epidemic. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy, adjustable gastric banding, and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RNYGB) are well documented as effective treatment options for morbid obesity. However, these surgeries are not without complication; thus alternatives have been evaluated for primary treatment of morbid obesity. Endoscopic procedures have emerged as a less invasive modality and are divided into three subtypes: endolumenal malabsorptive, endolumenal restrictive procedures, and neural modulation therapy.