Liposomal Versus Conventional Amphotericin B for the Treatment of Fever of Unknown Origin in Neutropenic Patients: Results of Two Randomized Trials in 204 Children and 134 Adults

In two prospective, parallel, comparative multicenter trials 134 adults and 204 children were randomised to receive either conventional amphotericin B at 1 mg/kg per day (n = 102), liposomal amphotericin B (AmBisome, NeXstar Pharmaceuticals, San Dimas, Calif., USA) at 1 mg/kg per day (n = 118), or AmBisome at 3 mg/kg per day (n = 118). Patients were neutropenic (neutrophil count 38° C) following therapy with broad-spectrum antibiotics for at least 96 h without a source of the fever being identified (FUO).