A Comparison of Microglia Detection in Mammals and Humans Using Purinergic Receptor P2Y12 Labeling
2021
The problem of choosing an adequate method to detect microglia
is relevant for modern neurophysiological and interdisciplinary
research due to the lack of universal approaches allowing visualization
of this cell population in the brain of humans and laboratory animals.
In the present study, the possibility of using the purinergic P2Y12
receptor as a marker for the comparative analysis of microglia in
humans and some unrelated animal species (rabbit, rat, mouse, ground squirrel)
was investigated. For the study, antibodies to a recombinant peptide
corresponding to 303–342 amino acids of the human P2Y12 receptor
were used. The best results for microglia detection were obtained
in humans, rabbit, and rat. A nonspecific reaction of cells other
than microglia was found in a ground squirrel and mouse, the negative
impact of which on the quality of resulting images can be reduced
by the means of confocal microscopy. In all cases, the absence of immunopositive
macrophages and amoeboid microglial cells was observed, indicating
the promising use of P2Y12 as a highly selective marker of resting
microglia. The present study provides the first visualization of
microglia in the brain of a rabbit and ground squirrel using antibodies
to the P2Y12 receptor.
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