Дослідження динамічних характеристик сипкого матеріалу в процесі вібраційної сепарації

Vibration separation processes are widely spread in different industries. This is due to greater efficiency and productivity of their work. Therefore, the introduction of new types of vibration separators and the improvement of existing developments, the study of dynamic processes in vibration separators are actuals. The influence of the velocity of the bulk material on its amplitude-frequency characteristics in the resonant case is considered in the article. In the studies the bulk material is modeled as the layering of flat elastic-plastic beams that interact with the walls of the container elastically or as hinge-fastened. Asymptotic methods of nonlinear mechanics are used to construct a mathematical model. Taking into account that the phase difference between external perturbation and own oscillations significantly influences the frequency of resonance oscillations, for the construction of differential equations, the value of the phase difference is introduced. The mathematical model of the longitudinal motion of bulk material on the sieve of a vibration separator with arbitrary given speed of motion along the screen is given. On the basis of the mathematical model, a graph of the dependence of the change in the amplitude and the frequency of the oscillation of the bulk material on its velocity along the screen of the vibration separator was constructed. From the obtained results it can be noted that the most productive for the separation process are cases of resonance in a bulk material. It is also shown that the high velocities of the bulk material lead to a decrease in their amplitude and frequency of oscillation. This leads to the fact that even at resonance, the high velocity of the material along the screen causes a slowdown the separation process and a decrease its efficiency. Therefore, processes with slight material speeds could be optimal. The obtained results can be used for further studies of processes of vibration separation, vibration transport and processing of materials and can be generalized to more complex environment models.