Surgical Treatment and Reconstruction for Central Giant Cell Granuloma of Mandible- Case Report and Literature Review

Introduction: Central giant cell granuloma (CGCG) is a benign aggressive, highly recurrent, very vascular, rapidly growing with undefined etiology & clinically poorly defined, destructive osteolytic lesion of osteoclastic origin. The central giant cell granuloma is often found in the mandible commonly occurring in patients under the age of 30.CGCG always pose a challenge to oral and maxillofacial surgeon. Because of such a type of nature of these lesions a surgeon’s treatment of choice is radical resection. However, in recent past it has been noticed that complete removal of these lesions by enucleation has not resulted in any recurrence over a period. Purpose: To present a case of CGCG of the lower jaw of a young person in Department of Oral and maxillofacial surgery, Bharati Vidyapeeth Dental College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai. Although en bloc resection provides the lowest recurrence rate, only a few single case reports describe the use of this technique followed by reconstruction with autogenous bone grafts. Material and methods: The medical history of a 18 years patient with a large central giant cell granuloma in the Mandible on the right side extending from canine to the ramus of the mandible. Biopsy specimen taken from the lesion showed CGCG followed by curettage with peripheral ostectomy with preservation of the continuity of the mandible and inferior alveolar bundle. Reconstruction done with titanium reconstruction plate and defect filled with bone graft material. Result: At the end of 12 months clinical and radiological follow up there was no sign of recurrence and showed a well acceptance of the bone graft. Conclusion: After complete healing of the graft, prosthetic rehabilitation with implants will be performed. This allows the best functional and aesthetic results.