Long-Term Outcome of Xenogenic Dermal Matrix Implantation in Immunocompetent Rats

Abstract Background. Acellular dermal matrix (ADM) has been used successfully in the treatment of full-thickness skin injuries as an allogenic dermal substitute. To assess the efficacy of xenogenic ADM in such wounds, we examined the long-term wound healing and immunological responses to porcine ADM in a rat model. Materials and methods. Xenogenic and allogenic ADMs were produced by treating porcine (fresh or cryopreserved) or rat skin with dispase and Triton X-100. Full-thickness skin defects on the rat dorsum were implanted with porcine or rat ADMs and overlaid with split-thickness skin grafts (STSGs). Wounds were evaluated grossly and immunologically at 1, 6, and 12 months after surgery. Results. Extensive wound contraction was seen in wounds implanted with porcine ADM, but healing was significantly ( P P P Conclusions. In wounds implanted with xenogenic ADM, a short-lived acute inflammatory response, long-lasting humoral and cell-mediated immune responses, and generally poor wound healing were observed.