Do Qualifiers of ASCUS Distinguish Between Low- and High-Risk Patients?

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the qualification of a Pap smear classified as atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) favor reactive or neoplasia as recommended by the Bethesda System. STUDY DESIGN: The smears from 105 concurrent patients with a cytologic diagnosis ofASCUS not otherwise qualified were reviewed and subclassified as ASCUS favor reactive, low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) or high grade squantous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) based on the Bethesda System criteria. The cervical biopsy diagnoses were correlated. RESULTS: Of the 105 cases classified as ASCUS, 37 were subclassified as favor reactive, 51 asfavor LSIL and 17 as favor HSIL on cytologic review. In the ASCUS favor reactive group, 19 (51%) had reactive changes on biopsy, 17 (46%) had cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 1, and 1 (2%) had CIN 3. A total of 48% patients had CIN. In the favor LSIL group, there was CIN 1 in 28 cases (55%), CIN 2 or 3 in 12 (23%) and benign changes in 11 (22%) on biopsy. Seventy-eight percent had CIN. In the 17 cases classified as ASCUS favor HSIL group, all had CIN. CONCLUSION: Of the total 105 cases of ASCUS, 71% had CIN, 29% had reactive changes on follow-up biopsies, and 48% of patients in the ASCUS favor reactive group had CIN. Qualifiers of ASCUS have questionable utility in patient management.