Estimation of the number of feeding arteries of spinal arteriovenous malformations by using three-dimensional digital subtraction angiography

Purpose Spinal angiography is the gold standard for evaluation or diagnosis of spinal arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). However, some feeding arteries might be overlooked when multiple feeders exist. This study aimed to retrospectively review cases of spinal intra-dural AVMs, which were identified by three-dimensional digital subtraction angiography (3D-DSA), and attempted to estimate the number of feeding arteries.