Comparison of inhibin B and estradiol responses to intravenous FSH in women with polycystic ovary syndrome and normal women

BACKGROUND: Inhibin B (Inh B) is produced by pre-antral and early antral follicles whereas estradiol (E 2 ) is a product of follicles undergoing antrum formation. This temporal distinction is evident in the patterns of Inh B and E 2 release earlier and later during the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle, respectively. However, in previous studies of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and normal controls, release of these granulosa cell (GC) products appears to be simultaneous in response to FSH stimulation. In order to reconcile these disparate findings, we conducted dose―response studies in both PCOS women and normal controls to determine whether GC product responses were due to the amount of FSH administered. In addition, we compared FSH-stimulated responses in PCOS women at various stages of recovery following ovarian suppression with a long-acting GnRH agonist to examine whether Inh B and E 2 responses reflected the level of ovarian follicle activity (i.e. circulating E 2 levels). METHODS: Women with PCOS, I8―35 years (n = 23), and normal ovulatory controls, I8―35 years (n = I0) were recruited for study. Dose-responses were assessed over 24 h following intravenous administration of 0 (saline), 37.5, 75 and I50 IU of recombinant human FSH (r-hFSH) in PCOS and normal women. In addition, E 2 and Inh B responses to I50 IU of r-hFSH were assessed at baseline and 4, 6 and 8 weeks following suppression of ovarian steroidogenesis by a long-acting GnRH agonist in PCOS women. RESULTS: In PCOS women and normal controls, serum Inh B and E 2 exhibit similar and simultaneous dose-responsiveness to FSH stimulation. During recovery from ovarian suppression, basal and stimulated Inh B release appear to be restored earlier than that of E 2 in PCOS women. CONCLUSIONS: These findings are consistent with the notion that, in PCOS women, the level of ovarian follicle activity largely determines the earlier release of Inh B compared with E 2 .