Genetic Regulation of Glucose Metabolism

The sections in this article are: 1 Glucagon and Insulin Action 1.1 Signaling from the Cell Membrane to the Nucleus 1.2 DNA Elements and Their Binding Proteins 2 Genetic Regulation of the Hepatic Gluconeogenic Enzymes 2.1 Glucose-6-Phosphatase 2.2 Fructose-1,6-Bisphosphatase 2.3 Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase 3 Genetic Regulation of the Hepatic Glycolytic Enzymes 3.1 Glucokinase 3.2 6-Phosphofructo-1-Kinase 3.3 Pyruvate Kinase 3.4 6-Phosphofructo-2-Kinase/Fructose-2,6-Bisphosphatase 4 Genetic Regulation of Other Proteins Involved in Glucose Metabolism 4.1 Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase 4.2 Tyrosine Aminotransferase 4.3 GLUT-1 Glucose Transporter 4.4 Hexokinase II 5 Genetic Regulation of Lipogenic Enzymes 5.1 Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase 5.2 Fatty Acid Synthase 5.3 Malic Enzyme 6 Conclusions and Perspectives