Diphenyl guanidine vulcanization accelerators enable sulfurized polyacrylonitrile cathode for high capacity and ether-compatible by fast kinetic

Abstract Sulfurized polyacrylonitrile (SPAN) cathode shows excellent electrochemical performance in carbonate electrolyte for lithium-sulfur batteries. However, the limited redox conversion rate of SPAN cathode in ether electrolyte would lead to high solubility of the intermediate polysulfide Li2Sn(n ≤ 4) and shuttling, resulting in a low performance of corresponding lithium-sulfur battery, even though ether-based electrolytes are more suitable in terms of Li metal anode. In addition, SPAN is comparatively lower sulfur loading (