Concomitant diseases and selected cardiovascular complications in hospitalised patients with hypertension and diabetes

Introduction. Patients with type 2 diabetes and hypertension are at a significantly increased risk of cardiovascular mor - tality, including due to myocardial infarction, and often suffer from other diseases and cardiovascular complications. Material and methods. We studied 2513 hospitalised patients with hypertension who were divided into two groups: with diabetes (DM+, n = 637) and without diabetes DM-, n = 1876). The two groups were compared in regard to age, gender, and selected concomitant diseases and cardiovascular complications. Results. Mean age was 70 ± 9.7 years in the DM+ group vs. 68 ± 11.0 years in the DM- group (p = 0.0001), with 51.2% women in the DM+ group compared to 43.4% women in the DM- group (p = 0.0004). The following conditions were more frequent in the DM+ group compared to the DM- group: heart failure (43.8% vs. 35.5%, p = 0.0001), atrial fibrillation (34.8% vs. 24.7%, p = 0.03), stroke (6.6% vs. 4.4%, p = 0.03), hypertriglyceridaemia (153 ± 72.1 vs. 37.1 ± 74.4 mg/dL, p = 0.0004), low HDL cholesterol level (43.4 ± 14.6 vs. 46.9 ± 19.7 mg/dL, p = 0.0002), and reduced glomerular filtration rate (51.42 ± 19.82 vs. 56.94 ± 16.08 mL/min/1.73 m 2 (p = 0.0001). No differences were found in regard to the rates of stable coronary artery disease (33.7% vs. 29.3%, p = NS) and left ventricular hypertrophy (34.8% vs. 30.7%, p = NS). Conclusions 1. Diabetes was significantly more common among hypertensive women compared to hypertensive men. Patients with diabetes were significantly older. 2. Macroangiopathic complications (previous myocardial infarction or stroke) and concomitant diseases (atrial fibrilla- tion, heart failure, nephropathy) were significantly more frequent in patients with diabetes. 3. Stable coronary artery disease and left ventricular hypertrophy occurred at a similar rate in patients with or without diabetes.