Caracterización epidemiológica y clínico-patológica de pacientes con cáncer en región anal

Introduction: cancer in the anal region is a rare disease into the colorectal and gastrointestinal tract malignancies.  Epidermoid carcinoma is the most common type of malignancies found in all lesions at this level. Among the risk factors for the infection of human papilloma virus [HPV], it constitutes one of the most important related to the onset of this cancer. Objective: to characterize epidemiological, clinical and pathologic aspects of patients with cancer in the anal region at Dr. Salvador Allende clinical-surgical-teaching hospital in the period 2017-2019. Methods: an observational, descriptive, longitudinal-prospective study was conducted in patients with the diagnosis of cancer in the anal region during 2017-2019 attending Dr. Salvador Allende clinical-surgical-teaching hospital, La Habana. The target group comprised all patients with cancer in the anal region, who were scheduled to the coloproctology consulting room, and the sample included 17 patients who met the inclusion criteria. The sources of information were: individual clinical history, reports of the biopsy from the pathology department and microbiology laboratory. Results: women older than 66 years old, with a past history of anal lesions and infection of human papilloma virus [HPV] as risk factors, and presenting as the most frequent clinical manifestations a hemorrhage and a palpable tumor predominated. Well-differentiated tumors with localization in the anal conduct having more than 6 months from the beginning of the symptoms were the most frequent. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) was the treatment applied. Conclusions: the characterization of patients with cancer in the anal region allowed knowing the behavior and characteristics of this disease among the population.