Exploitation and identification of antifungal compounds of botanicals through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) against Bipolaris oryzae in rice

Bipolaris oryzae, the pathogen which incessantly infecting rice crop which causes at any growth stage. It greatly infects grains, lower seed germination, seed quality that reduces the yield up to 60%. Various chemicals have been used for controlling this disease but it is very parlous to human being due to its toxicity. Besides, some eco-friendly management practices also followed to control this disease using various aspects. Henceforth, plant leaf extracts were screened against this fungus by poison food technique. Among the 24 different leaf extracts, zimmu (Allium cepa L. × Allium sativum L.) and henna (Lawsonia inermis) showed the maximum level of inhibition 77.78% and 75.56% respectively. It is the first report that zimmu extract showed maximum inhibition against B. oryzae. The present investigation revealed that zimmu leaf extract contains biologically active compounds of phytol (16.03%), 4H-Pyran-4-one, 2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-(15.13%) and henna leaf extract contains n-Hexadecanoic acid (19.05%), 9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic acid, (Z,Z,Z) (14.46%).