Changes in haemolymph proteins pattern of Hyalomma dromedarii ticks infected with entomopathogenic nematodes.

The current study was designed to follow up the changes in engorged female protein haemolymph (HL) of Hyalomma dromedarii infected with entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs). Steinernema sp.SII, S.carpocapsae DD136, Heterorhabditis sp.TWF and H.bacteriophora Hp88 were used to infect the engorged females. HL samples obtained after four intervals time ( 24, 48, 96 and 178 hr).Quantitative and qualitative changes were detected in SDS-PAGE electrophoresis protein separation. Parasitism caused HL protein lyses as shown by changes in number of fractions. H.bacteriophora Hp88 was the most effective species in engorged female. In conclusion this study revealed that the main etiology of tick mortality is related to marked changes in HL protein of H. Dromedarii following infection with entomopathogenic nematodes.