RICS, a Novel GTPase-activating Protein for Cdc42 and Rac1, Is Involved in the β-Catenin-N-cadherin andN-Methyl-d-aspartate Receptor Signaling

Abstract Cadherin adhesion molecules are believed to be important for synaptic plasticity. β-Catenin, which links cadherins and the actin cytoskeleton, is a modulator of cadherin adhesion and regulates synaptic structure and function. Here we show that β-catenin interacts with a novel GTPase-activating protein, named RICS, that acts on Cdc42 and Rac1. The RICS-β-catenin complex was found to be associated with N-cadherin,N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors, and postsynaptic density-95, and localized to the postsynaptic density. Furthermore, the GTPase-activating protein activity of RICS was inhibited by phosphorylation by Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II. These results suggest that RICS is involved in the synaptic adhesion- and N-methyl-d-aspartate-mediated organization of cytoskeletal networks and signal transduction. Thus, RICS may regulate dendritic spine morphology and strength by modulating Rho GTPases.