Comparative Study of Nitric Oxide Levels in Metabolic Syndrome and Diabetes Mellitus Patients

The metabolic syndrome is a clustering of risk factors of metabolic origin that increase the risk for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes (DM). A proposed central event in metabolic syndrome is a decrease in the amount of bioavailable nitric oxide (NO) from endothelial NO synthase (eNOS). Patients with diabetes invariably show an impairment of endothelium-dependent vasodilation. Our aim is to evaluate the endothelial dysfunction in metabolic syndrome & Diabetes patients by estimation of nitric oxide levels. The study was conducted at SLIMS, Puducherry. The study included 200 diabetic patients, 200 metabolic syndrome patients and 200 Controls. When compared to controls, It was found a significant increase (p<0.001) in nitric oxide among metabolic syndrome and diabetes group and significant difference (p<0.001) between diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome groups being higher in metabolic syndrome group. Nitric oxide is reduced in the course of vascular disease in diabetes mellitus. Increased production of superioxide anion on oxidative stress to reduce plasma nitric oxide levels.