Use of transrectal ultrasound and biopsy in the detection of prostate cancer.

: Prostate cancer is the most common cancer diagnosed in U.S. men. In today's current urologic practice, there is considerable controversy regarding the appropriate treatment of prostate cancer. Transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) is the preferred modality for prostate imaging with established roles in the assessment of prostate size and guidance of accurate biopsies. This review will emphasize the history of TRUS and biopsy, patient preparation, technique of biopsy, interpretation of biopsies, and indications for repeat biopsies. The information gained by TRUS and biopsy is useful in counseling patients about potential treatment options.