A modified posterolateral approach to the thoracic spine.

Abstract We describe a modified technique for posterolateral approach to the thoracic spine and report the use of this procedure in 21 patients. The technique is safe and effective for selected indications. The evolution of the posterolateral or costotransversectomy approach to the thoracic spine has in large part focused on enlarging the exposure to the vertebral bodies and epidural space by resecting an increasing number of ribs and removing a wider portion of those ribs resected. In this modified approach to the thoracic spine, the costovertebral articulation is preserved, and no rib resection is necessary to gain adequate exposure to the thoracic vertebral body and epidural space. We did a retrospective review of 21 patients undergoing 22 modified posterolateral approaches to the thoracic spine. Sixteen patients had biopsies of thoracic vertebral lesions through this approach; 3 underwent decompression of the thoracic spinal cord; 2 approaches were done for the removal of a herniated thoracic disc; and in one, the pedicle was removed. This modified posterolateral approach allowed adequate exposure for selected indications. One complication, a wound infection, developed after biopsy for suspected osteomyelitis. This modified posterolateral approach is well suited to provide access for biopsy of thoracic spinal lesions; for decompression of a paraspinal abscess; and for decompression of the thoracic spinal cord by anterolateral compressive lesions such as herniated thoracic disc or epidural tumor when resection of the vertebral body is not necessary; or the approach may be used for patients who are debilitated or at poor risk to undergo thoracotomy.