Características del esfuerzo en competición en jugadoras de baloncesto de élite durante las fases finales de la Euroliga y el Campeonato del Mundo The competitive demands of elite female basketball during the play-offs of the Euroleague and World Championship

El objetivo principal del estudio fue definir las caracteristicas del esfuerzo desde el punto de vista de la carga externa en jugadoras de baloncesto de alto nivel en dos competiciones: Euroliga femenina y Campeonato del Mundo. Para ello, se analizaron ocho partidos de las fases finales de ambas competiciones. Se llevo a cabo un analisis detallado de los patrones de movimiento de 96 jugadoras pertenecientes a ocho selecciones nacionales y a cinco equipos profesionales. Se utilizaron ocho categorias de actividad a la hora de clasificar las acciones y los desplazamientos en los partidos: parado/caminando, trote, carrera, sprint, salto y shuffle baja, media y alta intensidad. Se calculo el tiempo total en cancha, el tiempo real y el porcentaje de tiempo real respecto del tiempo total. Por otro lado se analizo la frecuencia y la duracion media de cada actividad asi como el porcentaje de tiempo real empleado en cada una de ellas. Los resultados obtenidos confirman la naturaleza hibrida del esfuerzo, en el que se alternan fases aerobicas y anaerobicas, predominando las primeras sobre las segundas. Se observa que los esfuerzos anaerobicos son los que marcan la diferencia entre niveles competitivos y entre posiciones habituales de juego. Asimismo se observa que solo las jugadoras en la posicion de base presentan un perfil especifico de esfuerzo que las diferencia de aleros y pivots. Abstract The main aim of the current study was to establish the competitive demands, in terms of external load, of elite female basketball players during the final phase of Euroleague and World Championship. Eight matches corresponding to the play-offs of these competitions were analyzed. A detailed analysis of the movement patterns of 96 players was performed. Eight categories were employed to classify the movements: stand/walk, jog, run, stride/sprint, low shuffle, medium shuffle, high shuffle and jump. Total time in court, live time and percentage of live time over total time were calculated. On the other hand, the frequency and the mean duration of each movement category were also measured. Results illustrate the intermittent nature of female basketball. The majority of time appears to be devoted to activities more aerobic in nature, and only a small percentage of time is spent engaged in high-intensity activity. However, anaerobic capacity seems to be a better predictor of basketball performance. On the other hand, only guards seem to have a specific movement pattern different from that of centers or forwards. http://dx.doi.org/10.5232/ricyde2013.03405 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Referencias/references Abdelkrim, B.N.; El Fazaa, S., & El Ati, J. (2007). Time-motion analysis and physiological data of elite under-19 basketball players during competition. 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