Factors associated with the underuse of adrenaline in children with anaphylaxis.

Intramuscular adrenaline injection is the first-line treatment of anaphylaxis [1]. More serious and even fatal or biphasic reactions may occur if there is a delay in administering it [1]. Adrenaline injection for anaphylaxis that occurs outside of a healthcare setting should be immediately followed by a call to emergency medical services (EMS) ("911" in North America, "112" in Europe) [1]. Before discharge from the emergency care unit (ECU), an adrenaline auto-injector (AAI) should be prescribed with clearly written instructions for its use and safety recommendations [1].