Anti-inflammatory effect of Phattapitta Recipe in RAW 264.7 macrophages stimulated with lipopolysaccharide

Pattapitta Recipe has been used for the treatment of cirrhosis in the Thai Traditional Medicine Clinic of Prapokklao Hospital. The liver functions of cirrhotic patients treated with Pattapitta Recipe were improved and recovered to normal function within 5 months. Furthermore, Pattapitta Recipe has been used for the treatment of alcoholic liver cirrhosis, hepatitis-B, hepatitis-C, and cirrhosis due to unidentified causes. However, little is known about the mechanisms underlying its anti-inflammatory activities. This study is mainly focused on the cell viability test of Phattapitta Recipe on macrophages cell line RAW 264.7 and investigation of an anti-inflammatory action of Phattapitta Recipe on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced macrophages cell line, RAW 264.7. The results showed that Phattapitta Recipe had no cytotoxicity in RAW 264.7 cells. Phattapitta Recipe 250 ug/mL possessed anti-inflammatory effects by significantly decreased mRNA levels of interleukin-1β(IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor –α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in macrophages cell line RAW 264.7. Moreover, Phattapitta Recipe also significantly inhibited the production of TNF-α and IL-6 at the protein level. Although Phattapitta Recipe treated cells showed a decreased trend of nitric oxide levels, it was not statistically significant reduction. The results from this study will be beneficial for the development of Phattapitta Recipe as a potential treatment of anti-inflammatory diseases.